Melanoma

Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin. Early detection is critical, as timely diagnosis and treatment significantly improve outcomes. Melanoma can appear as a new mole or a change in an existing mole and may vary in color, shape, or size.

What are the signs of cutaneous melanoma?

ABCDE is a mnemonic that is helpful to remember the five warning signs of melanoma.

A is for asymmetry. Most melanomas are asymmetric. If a mole is divided in half and the two sides look different from each other, it may warrant an evaluation by a dermatologist. Benign moles are usually symmetric.  

B is for Border. Melanomas often have irregular, ill-defined borders. Benign moles usually have regular, well-circumscribed borders. 

C is for Color. Melanomas often have different shades of brown, black, tan, white, red, or blue within the lesion. In some cases, melanomas may be “amelanotic,” meaning they have little or no pigment and appear skin-colored, pink or red. Most benign moles are uniformly brown in color. 

D is for Diameter. Melanomas tend to be larger than the width of a pencil eraser (about 6 mm). However, it is important to note that cutaneous melanoma can also be smaller than 6 mm. Benign moles are often smaller. 

E is for Evolution. Any mole that is enlarging or changing should be evaluated by a dermatologist, as this can be a warning sign for melanoma. Benign moles generally remain stable in appearance. 

Dr. Adam Nabatian, a double board-certified dermatologist and Mohs micrographic surgeon, specializes in the evaluation and treatment of melanoma. He performs thorough skin examinations, evaluates suspicious lesions, and determines the most appropriate course of action. 

Regular skin checks, self-monitoring for changes, and sun protection are essential for prevention and early detection. Adults and children at increased risk or with concerning lesions can receive expert evaluation and care.  Schedule a consultation for a skin cancer screening or to discuss treatment options if you have been diagnosed with a melanoma.